HSK 1 Chinese grammar

The "all" adverb "都 (dōu)"

都 (dōu) + Verb / Adj.

The "also" adverb "也 (yě)"

也 (yě) + Verb / Adj.

Negation of "有 (yǒu)" with "没 (méi)"

没 (méi) + 有 (yǒu) + Noun

Expressing actions in progress with "在 (zài)"

(正 (zhèng)) 在 (zài) + Verb

Standard negation with "不 (bù)"

不 (bù) + Verb / Adj.

Asking about degree with "多 (duō)"

Subj. + 多 (duō) + Adj.?

Expressing "not very" with "不太 (bù tài)"

不太 (bù tài) + Adj.

Expressing "and" with "和 (hé)"

Noun 1 + 和 (hé) + Noun 2

"Before" a specific time with "以前 (yǐqián)"

Time / Verb + 以前 (yǐqián)

"After" a specific time with "以后 (yǐhòu)"

Time / Verb + 以后 (yǐhòu)

Time words and word order

Subj. + Time … / Time + Subj. …

Structure of days of the week with "星期 (xīngqī)"

星期 (xīngqī) + Number

Measure word "个 (gè)"

Number + 个 (gè) + Noun

Expressing age with "岁 (suì)"

Subj. + Number + 岁 (suì)

Time indication with "点 (diǎn)"

Number + 点 (diǎn)

Structure of dates with "年 (nián)", "月 (yuè)", "日 (rì)"

Number + 年 (nián) + Number + 月 (yuè) + Number + 日 (rì)

Structure of numbers up to 9999

Number + Unit

Close relationship possession without "的 (de)"

Pronoun + Close Person

"And …?" questions with "呢 (ne)"

Topic + 呢 (ne)?

Expressing completion with "了 (le)"

Subj. + Verb + 了 (le) + Obj.

Expressing possession with "的 (de)"

Noun 1 + 的 (de) + Noun 2

Change of plan: "not anymore"

不 (bù) + Verb Phrase + 了 (le)

Change of state with "了 (le)"

Change of State + 了 (le)

Sentence-final interjection "啊 (a)"

⋯啊 (a)

Suggestions with "吧 (ba)"

Command + 吧 (ba)

Softening speech with "吧 (ba)"

⋯⋯吧 (ba)

Polite requests with "请 (qǐng)"

请 (qǐng) + Verb

Expressing existence in a place with "在 (zài)"

Subj. + 在 (zài) + Place

Expressing possession with "有 (yǒu)"

Subj. + 有 (yǒu) + Obj.

Expressing existence with "有 (yǒu)"

Place + 有 (yǒu) + Obj.

Using the verb "去 (qù)"

去 (qù) + Place

Directional verbs "来 (lái)" and "去 (qù)"

来 (lái) / 去 (qù) + Place

Saying names with "叫 (jiào)" + name

叫 (jiào) + Name

Expressing "will" with "会 (huì)"

会 (huì) + Verb

Expressing "would like to" with "想 (xiǎng)"

想 (xiǎng) + Verb

Expressing a learned skill with "会 (huì)"

会 (huì) + Verb

Expressing ability or possibility with "能 (néng)"

能 (néng) + Verb

"How to do?" questions with "怎么 (zěnme)"

怎么 (zěnme) + Action?

Negation of past actions with "没有 (méiyǒu)"

没有 (méiyǒu) + Verb

Indicating location with "在 (zài)" before verbs

Subj. + 在 (zài) + Place + Verb

"A is B" with "是 (shì)"

A + 是 (shì) + B

Basic sentence order

Subj. + Verb (+ Obj.)

Expressing "excessively" with "太 (tài)"

太 (tài) + Adj. + 了 (le)

Describing qualities with "很 (hěn)"

Subject + 很 (hěn) + Adj.

Expressing "some" with "一些 (yìxiē)"

一些 (yìxiē) + Noun

Counting money

Number + 块 (kuài) / 元 (yuán) (+ Number + 毛 (máo) / 角 (jiǎo)) (+ 钱 (qián))

Measure words in quantity questions

几 (jǐ) + Measure Word (+ Noun)? / 多少 (duōshao) (+ Measure Word) + Noun?

Questions with "了吗 (le ma)"

Verb + 了 (le) + 吗 (ma)？

Placement of question words

什么 (shénme) / 什么时候 (shénme shíhòu) / 谁 (shéi) / 哪儿 (nǎr) / 为什么 (wèishéme) / 怎么 (zěnme)

Yes-no questions with "吗 (ma)"

Statement + 吗 (ma)？

Asking how something is with "怎么样 (zěnmeyàng)"

⋯⋯怎么样 (zěnmeyàng)？

The "是 (shì) … 的 (de)" construction for emphasizing details

是 (shì) … 的 (de)