HSK 3 Chinese grammar

Turning adjectives into adverbs

Adj. + 地 (de) + Verb

Adjectives with "-极了 (jíle)"

Adj. + 极了 (jí le)

Reduplication of adjectives

AA / AABB

Using "always" as a complaint with "老是 (lǎoshì)"

Subj. + 老是 (lǎoshì) + Verb/Adj.

Expressing "always" with "总是 (zǒngshì)"

总是 (zǒngshì) + Predicate

Expressing "finally" with "终于 (zhōngyú)"

Subj. + 终于 (zhōngyú) + Verb + 了 (le)

Expressing "again" in the past with "又 (yòu)"

又 (yòu) + Verb + 了 (le)

Expressing "all along" with "一直 (yìzhí)"

Subj. + 一直 (yìzhí) + Verb/Adj.

Expressing "nearly" with "几乎 (jīhū)"

Subj. + 几乎 (jīhū) + Verb/Adj.

Expressing "only" with "只 (zhǐ)"

Subj. + 只 (zhǐ) + Verb + Obj.

Expressing lateness with "才 (cái)"

Subj. + Time + 才 (cái) + Verb

Using "才 (cái)" for small numbers

Subj. + 才 (cái) + Number + MW

Simultaneous tasks with "一边 (yìbiān)"

一边 (yìbiān) + Verb 1, 一边 (yìbiān) + Verb 2

Sequencing with "先 (xiān)" and "再 (zài)"

先 (xiān)……, 再 (zài)……

Basic comparisons with "一样 (yíyàng)"

Noun 1 + 跟 (gēn) / 和 (hé) + Noun 2 + 一样 (yíyàng) + Adj.

Expressing "rather" with "比较 (bǐjiào)"

比较 (bǐjiào) + Adj.

Expressing "both A and B" with "又 (yòu)"

又 (yòu)⋯⋯ 又 (yòu)⋯⋯

Modifying nouns with adjective + "的 (de)"

Adj. + 的 (de) + Noun

Adjectives with "那么 (nàme)" and "这么 (zhème)"

那么 (nàme)/这么 (zhème) + Adj.

Intensifying with "多 (duō)"

多 (duō) + Adj. (+啊 (a))

Alternative question with "还是 (háishi)"

A + 还是 (háishi) + B?

Expressing "or" in statements

⋯⋯或者 (huòzhě)⋯⋯

Expressing "with" with "跟 (gēn)"

跟 (gēn)⋯⋯ + Verb

Expressing "then…" with "那么 (nàme)"

那么 (nàme)⋯⋯

In the future in general with "以后 (yǐhòu)"

以后 (yǐhòu)，⋯⋯

Expressing "when" with "时 (shí)"

Time + 时 (shí)

Expressing "before" in general with "以前 (yǐqián)"

以前 (yǐqián)，⋯⋯

Expressing "just now" with "刚才 (gāngcái)"

刚才 (gāngcái) + Verb

Sequencing past events with "后来 (hòulái)"

Event 1，后来 (hòulái) Event 2

Big numbers in Chinese

Number + 万 (wàn) / 亿 (yì)

Approximating with sequential numbers

Number 1 + Number 2

Structure of times

Number 1 + 点 (diǎn) / 钟 (zhōng) + Number 2 + 分 (fēn) / 分钟 (fēnzhōng)

Expressing "all the way until" with "直到 (zhídào)"

直到 (zhídào) + Time / Event，Subj. + 才 (cái) …

Expressing "about" with "关于 (guānyú)"

关于 (guānyú) + Topic，…

Expressing "towards" with "向 (xiàng)"

向 (xiàng) + Direction + Verb

Basic comparisons with "没有 (méiyǒu)"

Noun 1 + 没 (méi)(有 (yǒu)) + Noun 2 + Adj.

Appearance with "看起来 (kànqǐlái)"

Subj. + 看起来 (kànqǐlái) + Adj.

Expressing "after" / "as a result of" with "经过 (jīngguò)"

经过 (jīngguò) + Event / Time，⋯⋯

Expressing "should" with "应该 (yīnggāi)"

应该 (yīnggāi)/该 (gāi) + Verb

Expressing "difficult" with "难 (nán)"

难 (nán) + Verb

Expressing ongoing duration with double "了 (le)"

Verb + 了 (le) + Duration + 了 (le)

Ongoing duration with double "了 (le)"

Verb + 了 (le) + Duration + 了 (le)

Inability with "没办法 (méi bànfǎ)"

没办法 (méi bànfǎ) + Verb

Special verbs with "很 (hěn)"

很 (hěn) + Verb

Direction complement

Verb + 来 (lái)/去 (qù)

Potential complement

Verb + 得 (de) / 不 (bù) + Complement

Result complement "-下去 (xiàqù)"

Verb + 下去 (xiàqù)

Expressing "as long as" with "只要 (zhǐyào)"

只要 (zhǐyào) + Condition, 就 (jiù) + Result

Expressing "only if" with "只有 (zhǐyǒu)"

只有 (zhǐyǒu) + Condition, 才 (cái) + Result

Expressing "only after" with "才 (cái)"

Condition, + 才 (cái) + Result

Using "有的 (yǒude)" to mean "some"

有的 (yǒude) + Noun, 有的 (yǒude) + Noun

Expressing "half" with "半 (bàn)"

Number + Measure Word + 半 (bàn) + Noun

Expressing "not even one"

一 (yī) + MW + 也 (yě)/都 (dōu) + 没 (méi)/不 (bù) + Verb

Expressing "the more… the more…" with "越 (yuè) … 越 (yuè) …"

Subj.＋越 (yuè)＋Verb＋越 (yuè) + Adj. / Verb

Using "把 (bǎ)" sentences

Subj. + 把 (bǎ) + Obj. + Verb

Passive construction with "被 (bèi)"

Patient/Object + 被 (bèi) + (Agent) + Verb Phrase

Expressing "more and more" with "越来越 (yuèláiyuè)"

越来越 (yuè lái yuè) + Adj.

Expressing "every" with question words

Question Word + 都 (dōu) + Verb/Adj.

Expressing "someone/something/somewhere/sometime" with question words

Question word in the position of an indefinite object / place / time

Expressing "as one likes" with "就 (jiù)"

想 (xiǎng) + Verb Phrase with Question Word + 就 (jiù) + Same Verb Phrase

Expressing purpose with "为了 (wèile)"

为了 (wèile) + Purpose + Verb

Expressing "even more" with "更 (gèng)" or "还 (hái)"

Noun 1 + 比 (bǐ) + Noun 2 + 更 (gèng) / 还 (hái) + Adj.

Expressing comparable degree with "有 (yǒu)"

Noun 1 + 有 (yǒu) + Noun 2 + Adj. + 吗 (ma)?

Expressing "compared with" using "跟 (gēn)"

跟 (gēn) + Noun 1 + 比 (bǐ) (起来 (qǐlái))，Noun 2⋯⋯

Intensifying comparisons with "得多 (de duō) / 多了 (duō le)"

Noun 1 + 比 (bǐ) + Noun 2 + Adj. + 得多 (de duō) / 多了 (duō le)

Expressing "if… then…" with "如果 (rúguǒ) … 就 (jiù) …"

如果 (rúguǒ)……，就 (jiù)……

Expressing "except" and "in addition" with "除了 (chúle) … 以外 (yǐwài)"

除了 (chúle) ⋯⋯ (+ 以外 (yǐwài))，Subj. + 都 (dōu) / 也 (yě) / 还 (hái) ⋯⋯

Expressing "not only… but also" with "不但 (bùdàn) … 而且 (érqiě) …"

不但 (búdàn)……，而且 (érqiě)……

Expressing "if" with "如果 (rúguǒ) … 的话 (de huà)"

如果 (rúguǒ)……的话 (de huà)，……