向
xiàng
Towards
向 (xiàng) — formal “extend… to” with 致以 (zhì yǐ)
向 (xiàng) + Addressee + 致以 (zhìyǐ) + Noun (feeling/action)
HSK 7–93.0
Pattern diagram
Who / what向Who致以Noun
Rule structure
A formal, ceremonial construction: the preposition 向 (xiàng) introduces the addressee, and 致以 (zhìyǐ) expresses a feeling or action directed at them (thanks, greetings, condolences). It is used in letters, speeches, and congratulations. 致以 (zhìyǐ) is normally followed by an abstract noun, not a concrete gift.
Rule structure
A formal, ceremonial construction: the preposition 向 (xiàng) introduces the addressee, and 致以 (zhìyǐ) expresses a feeling or action directed at them (thanks, greetings, condolences). It is used in letters, speeches, and congratulations. 致以 (zhìyǐ) is normally followed by an abstract noun, not a concrete gift.
Examples
我向老师致以最真诚的感谢。
Wǒ xiàng lǎoshī zhìyǐ zuì zhēnchéng de gǎnxiè.
I extend my most sincere thanks to the teacher.
Examples
我向老师致以最真诚的感谢。
Wǒ xiàng lǎoshī zhìyǐ zuì zhēnchéng de gǎnxiè.
I extend my most sincere thanks to the teacher.
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Words from this rule
Frequently asked questions
How do you say “formal ‘extend… to’ with 致以” in Chinese with 向?
Use the structure: 向 (xiàng) + Addressee + 致以 (zhìyǐ) + Noun (feeling/action). For example: 我向老师致以最真诚的感谢。 — “I extend my most sincere thanks to the teacher”.
What is an example sentence with this grammar rule?
我向老师致以最真诚的感谢。 — “I extend my most sincere thanks to the teacher”.
Which HSK level includes this grammar rule?
This grammar rule is part of HSK 3.0 Levels 7–9.
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More HSK 3.0 Levels 7–9 grammar rules
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Subj. + 动不动 (dòngbudòng) 就 (jiù) + Verb
仅次于 — second only to
Subj. + 仅次于 (jǐn cì yú) + X
个 — casual small action
Verb + 个 (ge) + Noun
除外 — except for, excluding
Noun + 除外 (chúwài)
不亚于 — no worse than
Subject + 不亚于 (bú yà yú) + Noun
可不 — enthusiastic agreement
可不 (kě bu) / 可不是嘛 (kě bú shì ma) — a standalone confirming reply
说到哪儿去了 — polite reply to praise
说到哪儿去了 (shuō dào nǎr qù le) — a standalone polite reply
非 — neither A nor B
非 (fēi) + Noun/Adj. A + 非 (fēi) + Noun/Adj. B