Grammar

58 rules

Particles

Nouns

Adverbs

Subj. + (piānpiān) + Verb (undesirable coincidence)

Expressing "contrary to expectations" with " (piānpiān)"

我正急着走,偏偏下雨了。

Example

(fánshì) + Noun Phrase, (dōu) + Verb

Expressing "all" with " (fánshì)"

凡是报名的人都要参加考试。

Example

Subj. + (xiànglái) + Verb / Adj.

Expressing "always previously" with " (xiànglái)"

他向来守时。

Example

Subj. + (yíxiàng) + Verb / Adj.

Expressing "since the beginning" with " (yíxiàng)"

他一向很准时。

Example

(dào shíhou), Main Clause (future reference)

Expressing "when the time comes" with " (dào shíhou)"

你先准备,到时候我叫你。

Example

(sìhū) + Clause (speculative)

Expressing "as if" with " (sìhū)"

他似乎不太高兴。

Example

(zài) + Adj., (yě) + Result

Expressing "no matter how" with " (zài) (yě) "

再难,也要坚持下去。

Example

(guǒrán) + Result (matching expectation)

Expressing "as expected" with " (guǒrán)"

天气预报说会下雨,果然下雨了。

Example

(yílǜ) + Verb / Adj. (uniformly, without exception)

Expressing "no exception" with " (yílǜ)"

游客一律免费入场。

Example

(wúfēi) + Noun / Clause (dismissive)

Expressing "nothing but" with " (wúfēi)"

他说的无非是借口。

Example

(yízài) + Verb Phrase

Expressing "again and again" with " (yízài)"

他一再道歉。

Example

(zúzú) + Quantity + Measure Word (+ Noun)

Expressing "a full" with " (zúzú)"

他足足等了一个小时。

Example

(dào) + Verb / Adj. (surprise, concession, softening)

Advanced usages of the contrary " (dào)"

你说得倒容易! / 我倒想试试。

Example

(hébì) + Verb Phrase (rhetorical, unnecessary)

Expressing rhetorical "why bother" with " (hébì)"

何必这么客气?

Example

(yìshí): temporary (moment) / (yídù): once (period in past)

Comparing " (yìshí)" and " (yídù)"

他一时冲动买了很多东西。 / 这个词一度很流行。

Example

(yìzhí): continuously (from past to present) / (yíxiàng): consistently (habit)

Comparing " (yìzhí)" and " (yíxiàng)"

我一直在等你。 / 他一向很节俭。

Example

(bùdébù) + Verb (no choice, compelled) / (zhǐhǎo) + Verb (reluctant but accepting)

Comparing " (bùdébù)" and " (zhǐhǎo)"

我不得不拒绝。 / 没车,只好走路。

Example

(bùduàn) + Verb (continuous, unceasing) / (bùtíng) + Verb (incessant, nonstop)

Comparing " (bùduàn)" and " (bù tíng) (bùtíng)"

公司不断进步。员工不停地努力工作。

Example

(fǎn'ér): contrary to expectation / (què): however, but

Comparing " (fǎn'ér)" and " (què)"

他努力了,反而失败了。 / 他说帮忙,却没来。

Example

(jūrán): unexpectedly (surprise) / (fǎn'ér): on the contrary

Comparing " (jūrán)" and " (fǎn'ér)"

他居然迟到了。 / 帮忙反而添了乱。

Example

(huīfù): restore (state, function) / (huányuán): restore to original state

Comparing " (huīfù)" and " (huányuán)"

他恢复了健康。 / 技术人员还原了数据。

Example

(ànzhào) + Rule / Standard (follow) / (gēnjù) + Basis / Source (based on)

Comparing " (ànzhào)" and " (gēnjù)"

按照规定办事。 / 根据调查得出结论。

Example

(gēnjù) + Noun / (jù) + Source / Report

Comparing " (gēnjù)" and " (jù)"

根据法律,这样做不行。 / 据报道,会议取消了。

Example

(gēnběn): at all (negatives), fundamental / (dàodǐ): after all, finally

Comparing " (gēnběn)" and " (dàodǐ)"

我根本不知道。 / 你到底想怎样?

Example

(hěn shì) + Adj. / Verb Phrase

Emphasizing with " (hěn shì)"

他对这个结果很是满意。

Example

Auxiliary Words

Conjunctions

Prepositions

Sentence patterns

(yìlái) + Reason 1, (èrlái) + Reason 2

Stating two or more reasons with " (yìlái) (èrlái) "

一来没时间,二来没兴趣。

Example

(bùkuì shì) + Noun / Noun Phrase

Expressing "to be worthy of" with " (bùkuì shì)"

不愧是冠军,水平就是高。

Example

(yóu) + Person + (zuòzhǔ)

Expressing who is in charge with " (yóu) (zuòzhǔ)"

这件事由你来做主。

Example

(yǔqí) + Option A, (bùrú) + Option B

Expressing "rather than" with " (yǔqí) (bùrú) "

与其等待,不如主动争取。

Example

Subj. + (fēiděi) + Verb Phrase + (bùkě) / (cái xíng)

Expressing "must" with " (fēiděi)"

这事非得你去才行。

Example

(mòguòyú) + Noun / Verb Phrase

Expressing "nothing is morethan" with " (mòguòyú)"

最大的幸福莫过于健康。

Example

(mòfēi) + Speculation?

Expressing "could it be possible that" with " (mòfēi)"

莫非他生病了?

Example

(jiān) + Noun / Verb (concurrently)

Expressing "at the same time" with " (jiān)"

他身兼数职。

Example

(yǐ) + Person / Org + (de míngyì) + Verb

Expressing "in the name of" with " (yǐ) (de míng yì) (de míngyì)"

我以公司的名义邀请您。

Example

(yóucǐ) + Verb / Clause (hence, thus)

Expressing "from this" with " (yóucǐ)"

由此可见,他是对的。

Example

(gēn) + Noun + (shìde) as if, like

Expressing "similar to" with " (gēn) (shìde)"

他高兴得跟孩子似的。

Example

(qǐ bù shì) + Rhetorical Question

"Could it be that" with " (qǐ bù shì)"

这岂不是很好吗?

Example

(fēi) + Verb / Noun + (bùkě)

Adding emphasis with " (fēi) (bùkě)"

我非去不可。

Example

Verbs

Verb phrases

Cause/Effect Statements

"If" Statements

Let alone