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How to say “because” with 而 (ér)

Cause + 而 (ér) + Effect (formal, literary)

Using "because" with "而 (ér)" to indicate effect

HSK 6Cause/Effect Statements

Rule structure

而 (ér) can link cause and effect in formal/literary Chinese. It often pairs with 因 (yīn), 由 (yóu), 为 (wèi) etc. The structure emphasizes the causal relationship.

Examples

因疏忽而导致事故。

Yīn shūhū ér dǎozhì shìgù.

The accident was caused by negligence.

Practice

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Frequently asked questions

How do you express “Using "because" with "而 (ér)" to indicate effect” in Chinese?

Use the structure: Cause + 而 (ér) + Effect (formal, literary). For example: 因疏忽而导致事故。 — “The accident was caused by negligence.”.

What is an example sentence with this grammar rule?

因疏忽而导致事故。 — “The accident was caused by negligence.”.

Which HSK level includes this grammar rule?

This grammar rule is part of HSK 6.

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